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Dental Journals Vary in Policies on Large Language Models

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Posted: September 23, 2025
The integration of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Google Gemini into the peer review process of dental research brings about a new frontier of opportunities and challenges. A recent study analyzing peer review policies of the top 50 dental journals identified a spectrum of approaches toward LLM utilization. While some journals allow limited LLM use under specific guidelines, others either restrict their application or lack defined policies altogether. Concerns raised by researchers include issues of confidentiality breaches, authorship clarity, reduced reviewer accountability, and the inherent limitations of LLMs in domain-specific expertise and factual precision.

To address these concerns, a proposed framework emphasizes responsible LLM integration in dental peer review processes. The framework emphasizes the importance of maintaining confidentiality through suggestions like using offline or locally hosted LLMs. It also outlines guidelines for appropriate LLM applications, areas necessitating caution, disclosure requirements, and standards for reviewer accountability. Notably, the framework underscores that reviewers bear full responsibility for all content, even if assisted by LLMs, stressing the need for ethical principles to safeguard the integrity of dental research publishing. Additionally, the framework advocates for regular policy reviews and comprehensive reviewer training to ensure the judicious and ethical use of LLMs in enhancing review clarity and efficiency, particularly for non-native language reviewers.

In conclusion, the evolving landscape of LLM integration in dental peer review underscores the imperative for a balanced and ethical approach. While LLMs hold promise in streamlining review processes and enhancing quality, their integration must align with robust ethical standards to uphold the integrity of dental research. As the dental community navigates this technological evolution, adherence to responsible guidelines, ongoing training, and periodic policy reviews will be crucial in leveraging the potential benefits of LLMs while safeguarding the essential principles of peer review in dental medicine.

This article summary was generated by AI. To view the full article, click the link here: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40985918/

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