For the Ultimate PFM Prescribe a d.FM

Scanning electron micrograph of human enamel.		Scanning electron micrograph of IPS d.SIGN ceramic.
Figure 1

The composition of the IPS d.SIGN ceramic gives the material optical properties that enable the ceramist to create restorations that truly mimic natural teeth, while simultaneously providing the physical properties that make it an ideal restorative choice for use in the posterior region. Therefore, ceramists can now fabricate life-like restorations that wear like natural dentition.

What accounts for the natural, enamel-like wear characteristics of the IPS d.SIGN ceramic is the material's fluorapatite crystals, which also mimic the optical properties of natural dentition. Simulated 5-year wear studies have demonstrated that IPS d.SIGN ceramic wears less than bovine enamel, which is used as a comparative standard (Fig. 1).

For more information on the IPS d.sign system call Ivoclar Vivadent at 1-800-533-6825.

Clinical evaluation of IPS d.SIGN

Categories evaluated at insertion
• Overall laboratory product
• Shade match
• Vitality
• Fit of restoration
• Marginal integrity
• Ease of adjustment/polish

Clinical Observations
Overall Laboratory Product
Restorations were visually inspected on the die for contour, anatomy and color blending. Eighty percent of IPS d.SIGN restorations received ratings of 5 (excellent), indicating ideal contours, anatomy, and esthetic appearance. The remaining 20% of restorations rated 4 (very good). Two molar crowns were noted to have slightly thin occlusal ceramic.

Shade Match
Consultants evaluated the shade compared to the shade requested. Shades were matched using the Vita Lumin shade guide. All IPS d.SIGN restorations rated excellent. Consultants who placed these esthetic ceramic-to-metal restorations appreciated the predictable shade matching.

Vitality
Life-like appearance, with the correct balance of opacity and translucency, was evaluated through visual inspection of the restoration. Eighty percent of restorations rated 5 (excellent), and 20% rated 4 (very good) showing some lack of translucency.

Fit of Restoration & Marginal Integrity
Seventy-eight of the 80 units rated excellent by producing an ideal, stable fit to the tooth with smooth, closed margins. Two restorations rated very good, requiring slight adjustment prior to cementation.

Ease of Adjustment/Polish
Restorations received from the laboratory were highly polished. Adjustment was easily accomplished with a fine diamond, and all restorations rated excellent for the ability to regain surface gloss after adjustment.

Conclusion
Initial results of IPS d.SIGN are excellent. Ceramic-to-metal is still the restoration of choice for the majority of dentists, especially with posterior teeth. It has a long track record of success, with the advantage of convenience and strength. This system allows dental technicians to create restorations with excellent fit and very good esthetics.

Reprinted with permission from The Dental Advisor, Vol. 19, No. 5, June 2002.