A patient may need a dental implant to replace a missing tooth that was lost due to trauma, decay, or gum disease. Besides replacing the missing tooth and helping the patient smile, eat, and speak confidently, an implant also prevents bone loss, stabilizes adjacent teeth, and provides a secure, long-lasting foundation for a replacement tooth (crown) or to stabilize a denture.
The process of installing a dental implant involves several steps and can take between 3 and 9 months. Most of this time goes into the healing period, when the titanium implant fuses with the jawbone (osseointegration). This step is essential to achieve a beautiful, functional, and long-lasting result.
But let’s have a look at the entire process and what happens during each step.
The Planning Phase
This first step lays the foundation for what’s to come and usually involves examinations and planning.
We asked Dr. Orsatti, an expert in dental implants, about this phase. According to him, this is the most important step forward, and dental professionals must work hard to establish a relationship of trust and communication with their patients. As dentists, it is our job to guide our patients through the process and be completely transparent every step of the way.
Initial Consultation and Comprehensive Exam
During this first consultation, the dentist must review the patient’s health history, including any medications, chronic conditions (like diabetes), or habits (like smoking) that could affect healing. Then, there will be an oral examination of the remaining teeth, gums, bite, and the site of implantation.
To complete the investigation, the dentist will need some diagnostic imaging:
- 2D X-rays to assess general bone height and proximity to vital structures.
- 3D Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) to get a detailed, three-dimensional view of the jawbone. This allows dentists to measure bone volume (width and height), identify the location of nerves, sinuses, and adjacent tooth roots, and plan the exact angle and position of the implant.
Treatment Planning and Patient Discussion
Once the doctor has all the information, it’s time to discuss the plan. Based on the imaging, the dentist can recommend an implant or alternative options (bridges, dentures). If the patient is suited for a dental implant, the dentist will explain the different types of implants available.
Then, they will create a detailed, step-by-step treatment plan with timelines, expected outcomes, and a clear explanation of all costs. In the end, the patient can ask questions, and if everything is in order, give their consent.
The Implant Placement
This is the phase in which the implant is physically placed in the jawbone. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and can take between one and two hours per implant. Post-operatively, the patient must follow a strict diet and oral hygiene regimen and attend follow-up checkups.
During this time, the implant is left undisturbed beneath the gum line (or with a healing abutment visible) for three to six months (sometimes longer, depending on bone quality and location). The goal here is to allow the jawbone to naturally fuse directly to the titanium implant surface, so the implant is stable and ready to support the replacement tooth.
The Restorative Phase
Once osseointegration is confirmed, the process shifts to building the new tooth. This involves creating a custom-designed dental crown (the replacement tooth) that is meticulously matched in color, shape, and size to the patient's natural teeth.
Finally, the custom crown is attached to the implant, and final adjustments are made. From this moment forward, the patient must take special care of the implant and commit to a schedule of regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings (usually every 3-6 months).
Wrap Up
And there you have it: the complete journey of a dental implant patient. Overall, the process is not painful, but there can be some discomfort (which is easily alleviated with over-the-counter pain medication). While it is a bit lengthy, it is worth the wait if you want to smile confidently.